Energizing the "Birge Story" of Public School Music in the United States: Some Ideas on How to Amp It Up

abstract: This article provides a critique of the historiography of music education in the United States, with some suggestions for broadening the paradigm.This article is a revision of a paper presented as the keynote speech for the St. Augustine Symposium on the History of Music Education sponsored by the History Special Research Interest Group of the National Association for Music Education held at Flagler College in St. Augustine, Florida in May 2014